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management_practices_to_reduce_id_damage
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management_practices_to_reduce_id_damage [2012/04/05 19:26] ddrummond created |
management_practices_to_reduce_id_damage [2012/08/30 17:38] (current) 128.192.48.76 |
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| ====== Management Practices to Reduce I & D Damage ====== | ====== Management Practices to Reduce I & D Damage ====== | ||
| + | I. | ||
| + | A. Annosus root rot of pines | ||
| + | 1. Is most likely to kill trees in sandy or sandy loam soils __12" or more in depth.__ | ||
| + | Trees infected, but not killed, may be weakened sufficiently to attract bark beetle and/or | ||
| + | suffer excess windthrow. Prevent infection by: | ||
| + | (a) Sprinkling a light coat of granular __borax__ on the freshly-cut stumps following a | ||
| + | partial cut. | ||
| + | (b) Int he deep South, scheduling cutting operations from May through September (July and | ||
| + | August in coastal Virginia). | ||
| + | (c) Minimizing number of thinnings during rotation. | ||
| + | B. Reproduction Weevils (__Hylobius pales__ & __Pachylobius picivorus__)\\ | ||
| + | Adult Weevils occasionally kill as many as 90% of newly planted pine seedlings, mainly during | ||
| + | the early spring the first year of planting on recently harvested or site prepared sites which | ||
| + | supported pine. | ||
| + | Control: delay planting of cut-over woodland one full growing season where more than (1) cord | ||
| + | per acre of pine stumpage is removed or disturbed in site preparation or treat seedlings with | ||
| + | an insecticide registered for that purpose. | ||
| + | C. Fusiform Rust: \\ | ||
| + | This fungus can cause extensive loss to young loblolly, slash, pitch, and pond pine. Surveys | ||
| + | indicate that Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, South Carolina, North Carolina, and | ||
| + | Florida are the SE state with the most acreage susceptible to damaging infection. A regional | ||
| + | hazard-rating map has been developed. Certain high-hazard areas should be planted with rust | ||
| + | resistant species or resistant varieties of slash or loblolly. Incidence and severity is governed | ||
| + | such factors as abundance of spore inoculum, humidity and rainfall, abundance of alternate hosts | ||
| + | (oaks) and relative susceptibility of pine host. Guidelines are available for site examination | ||
| + | and for intermediate cuts in infected stands. | ||
| + | D. White Pine Blister Rust: \\ | ||
| + | Essentially a localized problem in Virginia and North Carolina in the higher elevation | ||
| + | (over 2500').Where E white pine is to be planted in known hazard areas, sites should | ||
| + | be examined for the alternate host (__Ribes__ sp.) before final species choice is made. | ||
| + | Protection involves eradication of all __Ribes__ bushes within 300' of the young pines. | ||
| + | II. Other Pests of Importance \\ | ||
| + | A. Gypsy Moth | ||
| + | Presence of male moths (and possible infestations) can be assessed by use of pheromone traps. | ||
| + | Defoliation, the presence of larvae, pupae, or egg masses can be indicators of gypsy moth | ||
| + | presence. Isolated infestations should be reported to the USDA who would apply measures to | ||
| + | prevent further spread or eliminate the infestation. Losses to mixed oak forests in the | ||
| + | Southern Appalachians is expected to be significant once the gypsy moth is established there. | ||
| + | |||
management_practices_to_reduce_id_damage.1333653981.txt.gz · Last modified: 2012/04/05 19:26 by ddrummond
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